{"id":19814,"date":"2020-06-28T20:10:04","date_gmt":"2020-06-28T18:10:04","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/xnet-x.net\/?p=19814"},"modified":"2023-09-28T09:17:34","modified_gmt":"2023-09-28T07:17:34","slug":"4-abusos-en-el-ambito-electoral-como-hemos-llegado-a-que-nos-parezca-normal-que-los-datos-del-padron-municipal-acaben-en-manos-de-los-partidos-politicos","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/dev.xnet-x.net\/en\/data-protection-election-propaganda-census\/","title":{"rendered":"4. Abuses During Electoral Campaigns: How We Have Come to Find It Normal that the Municipal Census Data Ends Up in the Hands of the Political Parties"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><a href=\"https:\/\/xnet-x.net\/en\/xnet-privacy-data-protection-institutionalised-abuses\/\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"><\/p>\n<p style= \"font-size:90%\">&#8592; Back to the top of the Report<\/p>\n<p><\/a><br \/>\n&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><em><br \/>\n[To stop the abuses we expose here, we have sent petitions to the Chair of the Petitions Committee European Parliament; European Commission Commissioner Mr. Didier Reynders; Directorate General of Democracy of the Council of Europe (DGII); OSCE Office for Democratic Institutions and Human Rights (ODIHR).<\/em><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/xnet-x.net\/en\/end-abuse-eu-citizens-personal-data-elections\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">https:\/\/xnet-x.net\/en\/end-abuse-eu-citizens-personal-data-elections<\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>4 &#8211; HOW WE HAVE COME TO FIND IT NORMAL THAT THE MUNICIPAL CENSUS DATA ENDS UP IN THE HANDS OF THE POLITICAL PARTIES<\/strong><br \/>\n&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div style=\"font-size:100%;margin:6px 0;border: 1px solid #e00f2f;padding: 20px 5% 30px\">\n<strong>CONTENTS<\/strong><br \/>\n<a href=\"#how\"><br \/>\n<strong>HOW WE HAVE COME TO FIND IT NORMAL THAT THE MUNICIPAL CENSUS DATA ENDS UP IN THE HANDS OF THE POLITICAL PARTIES<\/strong><\/a><br \/>\n<a href=\"#comm\"><br \/>\n<strong>RECOMMENDATIONS<\/strong><\/a><br \/>\n<a href=\"#best\"><br \/>\n<strong>BEST PRACTICE RECOMMENDATIONS FOR PUBLIC ADMINISTRATIONS<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n<ul>\nPrior to amendments to the Law to create a more favourable framework for respecting fundamental freedoms<br \/>\n<\/a><\/ul>\n<p><a href=\"#law\"><br \/>\n<strong>AMENDMENTS TO THE LAW<\/strong><\/a> <em>(In Spanish)<\/em><br \/>\n&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/xnet-x.net\/proteccion-datos-censo-electoral\/#anexo-4\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n<strong><em>APPENDIX<\/em><\/strong><\/a> <em>(In Spanish)<\/em><\/p>\n<p><strong>ANALYSIS OF LEGISLATIVE DEVELOPMENT<\/strong><br \/>\nNotes on the processing carried out by Municipal Councils<\/p>\n<ul>\na. Data collection: Registration in the Municipal Register of Inhabitants<br \/>\nb. Communication of data: to the Spanish National Statistics Institute. Update of the Municipal Register of Inhabitants<\/ul>\n<p>Notes on the processing of data carried out by the Office of the Electoral Census<\/p>\n<ul>\na. Communication of data: Registration in the Electoral Census and communications received from Municipal Councils and Civil Registers<br \/>\nb. Communication of data: Distribution of Copies of the Census to political parties and processing by parties<\/ul>\n<p>Notes on the exercise by the public of their rights<\/p>\n<ul>\na. Rights that can be exercised at any time<br \/>\nb. Rights the exercise of which is limited to the electoral period<\/ul>\n<p><strong>ANALYSIS OF RELEVANT CASE LAW<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>LIST OF RELEVANT LEGISLATION AND ARTICLES<\/strong><br \/>\n&nbsp;\n<\/div>\n<p><a id=\"how\"><\/a><br \/>\n&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3>HOW WE HAVE COME TO FIND IT NORMAL THAT THE MUNICIPAL CENSUS DATA ENDS UP IN THE HANDS OF THE POLITICAL PARTIES<\/h3>\n<p>The right to data protection is a fundamental right that guarantees individuals\u2019 control over their data, its use and its destination. It must be respected by both public and private bodies. Even so, there are exceptions provided for in the legislation that apply to certain obligations, the main consequence of which is that the public loses effective control over their data. For this to be admissible from the point of view of fundamental freedoms, there must be very good reasons for such exceptions.<\/p>\n<p>The legislation provides for exceptions in the case of the data people provide in the Register of Inhabitants held by their Council, meaning all the registered population. This data is used to draw up the electoral census. There is a tradition dating back to the 19th century and permitted under Spanish law that consists of transferring this exhaustive database of the population (including the private addresses of victims, activists, journalists, lawyers, etc.) to all political parties, even the most extremist. This tradition may have made sense when there was no other way for people to read the manifestos of parties, but it endured in the age of television and now endures in the age of the Internet. <\/p>\n<p>After examining the laws that regulate both the municipal census and the electoral census, <strong>the flow of data <\/strong>can be inferred, <strong>from the person registering in the municipal census of inhabitants up to communication of this data to political parties, is as follows<\/strong>: <\/p>\n<p>PUBLIC \u2192 COUNCIL (register of inhabitants) \u2192 NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF STATISTICS \u2192 CITY COUNCIL + CIVIL REGISTRY (used for updating the register of inhabitants) \u2192 OFFICE OF THE ELECTORAL CENSUS (census) \u2192 POLITICAL PARTIES.<\/p>\n<p><strong>The data of each voter provided to political parties comprises<\/strong>: Name and surname, province and municipality of residence, district, section and polling station, <span style=\"text-decoration:underline\">address<\/span>, <span style=\"text-decoration:underline\">date of birth<\/span> and <span style=\"text-decoration:underline\">nationality<\/span> for foreign voters. And in the case of voters living abroad, this includes whether they have requested the vote, where they are registered for electoral purposes, domicile, country of residence and date of birth.<\/p>\n<p><strong>It is clear that it is convenient to modify the General Electoral System Law to repeal this communication and prohibit this massive communication of data that has been taking place since 1985.<br \/>\nThis is how it should be in a democracy where the public have control over their institutions, and not the other way around.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>The law that governs the processing of personal data during the electoral period is the Organic Law on the General Electoral System, with the Organic Law on Data Protection and the Guarantee of Digital Rights and the European Data Protection Regulation applying only subsidiarily.<\/p>\n<p>As such, communication of this data to the political parties under the Electoral Law is maintained, and the new European General Data Protection Regulation has not help taking into consideration the continued abusive practices by the public authorities. With the passing of the new Organic Law on Data Protection, it has only been included the option to object to the communication of data to political parties, when we consider that it should be the other way around if we want to remain true to the privacy by design and by default principle: people should be able to ask for the data to be communicated to political parties in order to receive electoral propaganda and not to oppose in order not to receive it. Moreover, the way in which this right to opposition can be exercised (an electronic certificate is necessary) may make it difficult for a large part of the public to exercise it effectively. <\/p>\n<p>GDPR does not protect in this case either, leaving this circumstance in the hands of States and weakening the privacy by design and by default principle, which is one of its core principles.<\/p>\n<p>Apart from this data communication taking place, it should be noted that in most cases, <strong>people are not informed<\/strong> when they register in the Municipal Register of Inhabitants of future communications of their personal data to other administrations or political parties, or for what purpose these bodies are going to use their data. This violates one of the essential principles of the European Data Protection Regulation, the principle of transparency, which requires the knowledge of individuals, when they provide their data, of the uses for which said data is intended and to whom they will be communicated where applicable, in addition to the obligation to <strong>offer the right to oppose to it<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>Based on all these considerations, we call for a change in the law for an updated and better democracy.<br \/>\n<a id=\"comm\"><\/a><br \/>\n&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3>RECOMMENDATIONS<\/h3>\n<p>Following on from this analysis, in order to ensure and protect the right of individuals to be aware of and control the use and destination of their data in line with European data protection legislation, XNet recommends:<\/p>\n<ul>\n\u2022\t<strong>Repealing the communication of data collected in the Electoral Census to political parties<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Personal data should not be transferred en masse to political parties by the public authorities. This communication, which is carried out by default unless one expressly objects, must be removed. <\/p>\n<p>The opposite formula to the existing one could be provided for: whoever wishes to receive electoral propaganda should indicate their wish to do so, without the data of the rest of the public passing into the hands of political parties.<\/ul>\n<p><a id=\"best\"><\/a><br \/>\n&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3>BEST PRACTICE RECOMMENDATIONS FOR PUBLIC ADMINISTRATIONS<\/h3>\n<p><strong>PRIOR TO AMENDING THE LAW IN ORDER TO ENCOURAGE ITS APPLICATION<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n\u2022\tIn the moment census data is collected, the public needs to be informed of the various purposes for which their data will be used later, as well as the data communications that will be carried out and the purposes thereof, indicating, where applicable, the Law in which this communication is provided for. <strong>Study formulas that allow the option of opposition on the spot<\/strong>.<\/ul>\n<p><a id=\"law\"><\/a><br \/>\n&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3>ENMIENDAS A LA LEY<\/h3>\n<p><strong>Derogaci\u00f3n de los apartados 5 y 6 del art\u00edculo 41 de la Ley Org\u00e1nica del R\u00e9gimen Electoral General.<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<em>\u201c(\u2026) 5. Los representantes de cada candidatura podr\u00e1n obtener dentro de los dos d\u00edas siguientes a la proclamaci\u00f3n de su candidatura una copia del censo del distrito correspondiente, ordenado por mesas, en soporte apto para su tratamiento inform\u00e1tico, que podr\u00e1 ser utilizado exclusivamente para los fines previstos en la presente Ley. Alternativamente los representantes generales podr\u00e1n obtener en las mismas condiciones una copia del censo vigente de los distritos donde su partido, federaci\u00f3n o coalici\u00f3n presente candidaturas. Asimismo, las Juntas Electorales de Zona dispondr\u00e1n de una copia del censo electoral utilizable, correspondiente a su \u00e1mbito.<br \/>\nLas Juntas Electorales, mediante resoluci\u00f3n motivada, podr\u00e1n suspender cautelarmente la entrega de las copias del censo a los representantes antes citados cuando la proclamaci\u00f3n de sus candidaturas haya sido objeto de recurso o cuando se considere que podr\u00edan estar incursas en alguna de las circunstancias previstas en el art\u00edculo 44.4 de esta Ley.<br \/>\n6. Excepcionalmente y por razones debidamente justificadas, podr\u00e1 excluirse a las personas que pudieran ser objeto de amenazas o coacciones que pongan en peligro su vida, su integridad f\u00edsica o su libertad, de las copias del censo electoral a que se refiere el apartado 5 del presente art\u00edculo.\u201d<\/em><\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Para alcanzar el fin propuesto debemos solicitar, adem\u00e1s, la enmienda o derogaci\u00f3n, seg\u00fan los casos, de las disposiciones reglamentarias que desarrollan el art\u00edculo 41.5 de la LOREG.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>Derogaci\u00f3n de los puntos primero a sexto relativos a la solicitud de copias del Censo Electoral de la Orden de 3 de febrero de 1987 por la que se regula la distribuci\u00f3n de copias del Censo Electoral en soporte magn\u00e9tico y la expedici\u00f3n de certificados de inscripci\u00f3n en el Censo Electoral<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<em>\u201cPrimero.<br \/>\nUna vez terminada la revisi\u00f3n anual del Censo Electoral, cada Comunidad Aut\u00f3noma podr\u00e1 obtener, en cinta magn\u00e9tica, una sola copia del referido censo, a petici\u00f3n del \u00d3rgano competente de la Comunidad Aut\u00f3noma. La petici\u00f3n habr\u00e1 de ser dirigida al Director de la Oficina del Censo Electoral.<\/p>\n<p>Segundo.<br \/>\n1. En la convocatoria de elecciones, los representantes generales de cada partido, federaci\u00f3n o coalici\u00f3n podr\u00e1n obtener, a partir del d\u00eda de la proclamaci\u00f3n de candidatos, una copia en cinta magn\u00e9tica del Censo Electoral de los distritos donde la respectiva entidad pol\u00edtica haya presentado candidatos.<br \/>\n2. En el caso de que, dentro del per\u00edodo anual de revisi\u00f3n del Censo Electoral, se convoquen varios procesos electorales aquellos partidos, federaciones o coaliciones que hayan obtenido ya copia del Censo Electoral en soporte magn\u00e9tico, no podr\u00e1n volver a solicitar nueva copia, salvo que se justifique el deterioro de la copia anterior.<\/p>\n<p>Tercero.<br \/>\nSi un partido o coalici\u00f3n no hubiera solicitado a trav\u00e9s de su representante general el Censo Electoral de la totalidad de los distritos en que se presenta, el representante de la candidatura de cada distrito podr\u00e1 obtener una copia en cinta magn\u00e9tica del censo de su correspondiente distrito, en las condiciones indicadas en el punto precedente.<\/p>\n<p>Cuarto.<br \/>\n1. El plazo para solicitar las copias del Censo Electoral en soporte magn\u00e9tico por los partidos pol\u00edticos, federaciones, coaliciones o agrupaciones de electores, ser\u00e1 el que medie entre el d\u00eda de la designaci\u00f3n de representante y el de la proclamaci\u00f3n de candidatos, quedando condicionada la solicitud a la confirmaci\u00f3n de la referida proclamaci\u00f3n.<br \/>\n2. La entrega de la copia solicitada se efectuar\u00e1 en la Sede Central de la Oficina del Censo Electoral si se trata de una petici\u00f3n que abarque m\u00e1s de una distrito electoral o en la correspondiente Delegaci\u00f3n Provincial de la misma, cuando la petici\u00f3n sea uniprovincial y ser\u00e1 realizada al representante de la entidad pol\u00edtica solicitante, o a persona suficientemente autorizada por \u00e9ste.<\/p>\n<p>Quinto.<br \/>\nLos derechos reconocidos en los dos puntos anteriores corresponden, en materia de refer\u00e9ndum, a los grupos pol\u00edticos comprendidos en el art\u00edculo 11. 2 de la Ley Org\u00e1nica de las distintas modalidades de refer\u00e9ndum.<\/p>\n<p>Sexto.<br \/>\nQuienes hayan obtenido copias del Censo Electoral en soporte magn\u00e9tico, quedan sometidos a la prohibici\u00f3n de facilitar cualquier tipo de informaci\u00f3n particularizada sobre datos personales incluidos en el censo, conforme a lo dispuesto en el art\u00edculo 41. 2 de la Ley 5\/1985.\u201d<\/em><\/ul>\n<p><strong>Enmienda del art\u00edculo 5 del Real Decreto 1799\/2003, de 26 de diciembre, por el que se regula el contenido de las listas electorales y de las copias del censo electoral<\/strong>, que quedar\u00eda redactado como sigue:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<em>\u201cArt\u00edculo 5. Copias del censo electoral.<br \/>\n1. Las copias del censo electoral que se faciliten en virtud de lo dispuesto en el art\u00edculo 41, <strong>apartado 4<\/strong>, de la Ley Org\u00e1nica 5\/1985, de 19 de junio, del R\u00e9gimen Electoral General, contendr\u00e1n a los electores ordenados de igual forma que en las listas de votaci\u00f3n, con las exclusiones que correspondan por la aplicaci\u00f3n del art\u00edculo 6 de este real decreto.<br \/>\n<strong>2<\/strong>. Los datos de cada elector ser\u00e1n los siguientes:<br \/>\n<strong>2<\/strong>.1 Electores residentes en Espa\u00f1a (espa\u00f1oles y nacionales de otros Estados con derecho de voto en Espa\u00f1a).<br \/>\na) N\u00famero de orden.<br \/>\nb) Apellidos y nombre.<br \/>\nc) Provincia y municipio de residencia.<br \/>\nd) Distrito, secci\u00f3n y mesa electoral.<br \/>\ne) Domicilio.<br \/>\nf) Fecha de nacimiento: d\u00eda, mes y a\u00f1o.<br \/>\ng) Pa\u00eds de nacionalidad, para los electores nacionales de otros Estados.<br \/>\n<strong>2<\/strong>.2 Electores residentes-ausentes que viven en el extranjero:<br \/>\na) N\u00famero de orden.<br \/>\nb) Indicador de haber solicitado el voto.<br \/>\nc) Apellidos y nombre.<br \/>\nd) Provincia y municipio de inscripci\u00f3n a efectos electorales.<br \/>\ne) Domicilio.<br \/>\nf) Pa\u00eds de residencia.<br \/>\ng) Fecha de nacimiento: d\u00eda, mes y a\u00f1o.<br \/>\n<strong>3<\/strong>. En las copias para las Juntas Electorales de Zona se incluir\u00e1 el n\u00famero del identificador personal: Documento Nacional de Identidad, pasaporte o inscripci\u00f3n en el Registro Central de Extranjeros.\u201d<\/em><\/ul>\n<p><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Data Abuses During Electoral Campaigns: How We Have Come to Find It Normal that the Municipal Census Data Ends Up in the Hands of the Political Parties. @X_net_ proposals.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":15,"featured_media":19902,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[52],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-19814","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blog","ejes-neutralidad-de-la-red","servicios-recomendaciones-de-politicas"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v26.7 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Data Protection Abuses During Electoral Campaigns<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Data Abuses During Electoral Campaigns: How We Have Come to Find It Normal that the Municipal Census Data Ends Up in the Hands of the Political Parties.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/dev.xnet-x.net\/en\/data-protection-election-propaganda-census\/\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Xnet\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"172 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/dev.xnet-x.net\/en\/data-protection-election-propaganda-census\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/dev.xnet-x.net\/en\/data-protection-election-propaganda-census\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Xnet\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/dev.xnet-x.net\/es\/#\/schema\/person\/02880890b95968f2b3bd4cfd79843d49\"},\"headline\":\"4. 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